09 December 2014

Inheritance: Wightman v. Public Trust

Directions made by a Canterbury farmer over fifty years ago proved pivotal in claims by five grandchildren for a share in his Methven landholdings now valued at some $12.8 million.
Wallace Wightman died in 1965. His farms were then valued at about $208,000. He had settled in the Methven district early in the twentieth century.  Six years before he died, Wallace gave instructions to the Public Trust as to what was to happen to his farm on death.  Given that his children were themselves well off at this date, Wallace wanted the farm to remain in the family and be held in trust for his grandchildren.  His will stated that his eldest daughter Clara was to decide how his estate was to be ultimately divided.  Wallace was of the view that she would be in the best position to later decide who should inherit.  Clara was long-lived.  She died in her 96th year and in her will decreed that only one grandchild, Robert, should inherit Wallace’s farm.  Five grandchildren challenged this result, having received no financial benefit from their grandfather’s estate. Not all the grandchildren took exception to Robert taking sole ownership of the farm; they had received benefits ranging from $3.3 million to $832,000 indirectly from their grandmother’s estate.
Evidence was given that the Public Trust employed a farm manager to run the farm after Wallace’s death.  The manager retired in 2003, after 37 years in the job.  Grandson Robert managed the farm subsequently.  He became entitled to absolute ownership of the farm in 2011 after probate of Clara’s will made public her decision in favour of Robert.  Title in the farm could not be transferred to Robert until protests by the aggrieved grandchildren were sorted out.
They sued under the Family Protection Act, alleging grandfather Wallace had failed in his moral duty to provide for them.  Justice Whata ruled that leaving the final decision to Clara’s unfettered discretion resulted in a breach of moral duty: it meant the five grandchildren were denied the familial recognition received by their siblings and cousins who did inherit.
His Honour ordered that $150,000 be paid to each of the five grandchildren; a total of $750,000 to be found out of the capital being inherited by Robert.  It was not appropriate to remove Robert from the farm, he said.  Evidence was given that Robert was paid an annual salary of $55,700 after assuming management of the farm in 2003 and had purchased adjacent land out of money from the sale of his own property and from an inheritance.
The court was told the five grandchildren, together with all the other grand children, received $44,200 each from Clara’s estate.
Wightman v. Public Trust – High Court (9.12.14)
15.001